{"id":112842,"date":"2025-12-01T16:24:11","date_gmt":"2025-12-01T16:24:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ekamu.net\/?p=112842"},"modified":"2025-12-01T16:24:11","modified_gmt":"2025-12-01T16:24:11","slug":"cernobilin-radyasyon-yiyen-siyah-mantarlari-astronotlari-kozmik-isinlardan-koruyabilir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ekamu.net\/index.php\/2025\/12\/01\/cernobilin-radyasyon-yiyen-siyah-mantarlari-astronotlari-kozmik-isinlardan-koruyabilir\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7ernobil’in radyasyon yiyen siyah mantarlar\u0131, astronotlar\u0131 kozmik \u0131\u015f\u0131nlardan koruyabilir"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/span> \u00c7ernobil n\u00fckleer felaketinden geriye kalan en \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 izlerden biri, radyokatif b\u00f6lgede t\u00fcr\u00fcyen siyah mantarlar<\/strong>\u00a0(Cladosporium sphaerospermum) oldu. 1986\u2019daki patlaman\u0131n ard\u0131ndan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl b\u00f6lgelerinden biri h\u00e2line gelen \u00c7ernobil’de yeti\u015fen ve radyasyonu bir t\u00fcr kaynak gibi t\u00fcketen bu siyah mantarlar, \u015fimdi insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n uzay maceras\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir rol oynayabilir. <\/figure>\n

Normalde canl\u0131lar i\u00e7in son derece y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 olan iyonize radyasyonun bu mantarlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini h\u0131zland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131na y\u00f6nelik bulgular, hem biyoloji hem de uzay ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in beklenmedik bir kap\u0131 aral\u0131yor. Bu hayret verici organizmalar\u0131n olas\u0131 kullan\u0131m alanlar\u0131 \u00fczerine bir s\u00fcredir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bilim insanlar\u0131, bu mantarlar\u0131n gelecekte astronotlar\u0131 kozmik \u0131\u015f\u0131nlardan koruyabilecek do\u011fal bir kalkan<\/strong> olarak kullan\u0131labilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Bu siyah mantarlar\u0131n ortak \u00f6zelli\u011fi, h\u00fccre duvarlar\u0131nda y\u00fcksek miktarda melanin bulunmas\u0131. Bizde UV \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131ndan korunmay\u0131 sa\u011flayan ayn\u0131 pigment, bu mantarlarda iyonla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 radyasyona kar\u015f\u0131 adeta biyolojik bir z\u0131rh g\u00f6revi g\u00f6r\u00fcyor<\/strong>. Melanin, gelen radyasyonu so\u011futup enerjiyi da\u011f\u0131t\u0131yor ve hatta baz\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara g\u00f6re bu enerjiyi organizman\u0131n metabolizmas\u0131na aktar\u0131yor. 2007\u2019de n\u00fckleer bilimci Ekaterina Dadachova<\/strong>\u2019n\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 deneyler, melanize mantarlar\u0131n radyoaktif sezyumla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda %10 daha h\u0131zl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6sterdi. Dadachova bu olas\u0131 mekanizmaya \u201cradiosynthesis<\/strong>\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi: Yani radyasyonla beslenme ihtimali.<\/p>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 Uzay \u0130stasyonu’ndaki Siyah Mantarlar Daha da H\u0131zl\u0131 B\u00fcy\u00fcyor<\/b><\/p>\n

Hen\u00fcz bu s\u00fcrecin kesin biyokimyasal yolu bilinmese de mantarlar\u0131n radyasyonla temas etti\u011finde b\u00fcy\u00fcme h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair benzer veriler y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde tekrarland\u0131. \u00dcstelik bu davran\u0131\u015f yaln\u0131zca \u00c7ernobil gibi felaket b\u00f6lgeleriyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fil. 2018\u2019de Uluslararas\u0131 Uzay \u0130stasyonu\u2019na g\u00f6nderilen Cladosporium sphaerospermum<\/strong> \u00f6rnekleri, D\u00fcnya\u2019daki kontrol gruplar\u0131na k\u0131yasla yakla\u015f\u0131k %21 daha h\u0131zl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc. Bu art\u0131\u015f\u0131n ger\u00e7ek sebebi h\u00e2l\u00e2 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc kozmik \u0131\u015f\u0131nlara ek olarak mikro yer\u00e7ekimi de mantarlar\u0131n geli\u015fimini etkiliyor olabilir. Yine de deneylerde mantar tabakas\u0131 alt\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilen \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm cihazlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi sonu\u00e7 \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131yd\u0131: \u0130nce bir k\u00fcf tabakas\u0131 dahi gelen radyasyonun bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 engelleyebiliyordu.<\/p>\n

<\/span> Bu durum, gelece\u011fin uzay ka\u015fifleri i\u00e7in heyecan verici bir ihtimali g\u00fcndeme ta\u015f\u0131yor. Ay ya da Mars y\u00fczeyinde kurulacak \u00fcslerin <\/strong>en b\u00fcy\u00fck problemlerinden biri, astronotlar\u0131n s\u00fcrekli olarak y\u00fcksek enerjili kozmik \u0131\u015f\u0131nlara maruz kalacak olmalar\u0131. Geleneksel kalkan malzemeleri \u2013\u00f6rne\u011fin su ya da a\u011f\u0131r metaller\u2013 olduk\u00e7a etkili olsa da b\u00fcy\u00fck hacimlerde D\u00fcnya\u2019dan ta\u015f\u0131nmalar\u0131 hem maliyetleri f\u0131rlat\u0131yor hem de lojistik sorunlar yarat\u0131yor. NASA\u2019daki baz\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, mantarlardan b\u00fcy\u00fct\u00fclen, hafif ama dayan\u0131kl\u0131 duvarlar\u0131n hem ya\u015fam alan\u0131 hem de radyasyon kalkan\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131labilece\u011fini <\/strong>\u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. E\u011fer melaninin radyasyon emme yetene\u011fi bu ortamlarda da do\u011frulan\u0131rsa, bu biyolojik yap\u0131lar kendi kendini yenileyen, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetli bir koruyucu kalkan olu\u015fturabilir. <\/figure>\n

Elbette bu y\u00f6nde bir at\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce \u00c7ernobil mantarlar\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekten radyasyon \u201cyiyip\u201d yemedi\u011finin kesin olarak anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekiyor. Ekaterina Dadachov taraf\u0131ndan ortaya at\u0131lanradiotropism ve radiosynthesis gibi kavramlar hen\u00fcz bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n geneli taraf\u0131ndan kabul g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f de\u011fil; hatta baz\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda melanize mantarlar\u0131n radyasyona y\u00f6nelmedi\u011fi ya da b\u00fcy\u00fcme h\u0131z\u0131nda anlaml\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fim g\u00f6stermedi\u011fi de tespit edildi. Fakat bug\u00fcne kadar elde edilen veriler, bu organizmalar\u0131n a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ko\u015fullara uyum sa\u011flayabilme kapasitesinin al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f\u0131n \u00f6tesinde oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ernobil\u2019in \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl enkaz\u0131nda hayat bulan bu siyah mantarlar, bir zamanlar insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck n\u00fckleer felaketinin simgesiydi. \u015eimdi ise ironik bir \u015fekilde, bizi ba\u015fka bir \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl ortamdan \u2013uzay\u0131n radyasyon bombard\u0131man\u0131ndan\u2013 koruyabilecek do\u011fan\u0131n en s\u0131ra d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ara\u00e7lar\u0131ndan birine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilirler<\/strong>. \u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ba\u015fka gezegenlere att\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk ad\u0131mlar belki de bu karanl\u0131k, melanin y\u00fckl\u00fc organizmalar\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131yla g\u00fcvenli h\u00e2le gelecek.<\/p>\n\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

Kaynak :\u00a0https:\/\/www.donanimhaber.com\/cernobil-in-radyasyon-yiyen-mantarlari-astronotlari-koruyabilir–199192<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00c7ernobil n\u00fckleer felaketinden geriye kalan en \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 izlerden biri, radyokatif b\u00f6lgede t\u00fcr\u00fcyen siyah mantarlar\u00a0(Cladosporium sphaerospermum) oldu. 1986\u2019daki patlaman\u0131n ard\u0131ndan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl b\u00f6lgelerinden biri h\u00e2line gelen \u00c7ernobil’de …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":112843,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[6694,598,984],"class_list":["post-112842","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-teknoloji","tag-cernobil","tag-radyasyon","tag-uzay"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ekamu.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/112842","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ekamu.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ekamu.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ekamu.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ekamu.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=112842"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ekamu.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/112842\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":112846,"href":"https:\/\/ekamu.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/112842\/revisions\/112846"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ekamu.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/112843"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ekamu.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=112842"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ekamu.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=112842"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ekamu.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=112842"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}